Library of Celsus, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey

Library of Celsus, built 110-135 AD under Consul Julius Celsus Polemaenus, governor of the province of Asia, Ephesus, Izmir, Turkey. Celsus paid for the construction with his own personal wealth, and is buried in a sarcophagus beneath it. The library held nearly 12, 000 scrolls in cupboards in niches in the double walls, which protected the documents from temperature and humidity. In the foreground are carved stone blocks with bull's heads and garlands. Ephesus was an ancient Greek city founded in the 10th century BC, and later a major Roman city, on the Ionian coast near present day Selcuk. Picture by Manuel Cohen

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Celsus Efes Ephesian Ephesos Ephesus Ionia Ionian Izmir Julis Niche Pediment Polemaenus Sarcophagus Scroll Selcuk

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