The Monument of Liberty - Istanbul, Turkey
The Monument of Liberty or Monument of Eternal Liberty in the Sisli district of Istanbul, Turkey - a memorial in honour of the soldiers who were killed defending the Ottoman parliament against reactionary monarchist forces during the 1909 countercoup, most notably during the 31 March Incident. The soldiers were part of the Hareket Ordusu (Army of Action), which was the 11th Salonika Reserve Infantry Division of the Third Army stationed in the Balkans and commanded by Mahmud Shevket Pasha. The monument was inaugurated in 1911, on the second anniversary of the Incident on the high hill called Hurriyet-i Ebediye Tepesi (literally Eternal Liberty Hill')
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Balkan Commanded Defenders Defending Eternal Inaugurated Inauguration Incident Mahmud Monarchist Pasha Reactionary Salonika Stationed
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