Alfred C Kemper Kombi Camera & Graphoscope
Alfred C. Kember Kombi Camera and Graphoscope, patented 1893. This camera was the world's first miniature roll film camera; the first camera to use film manufactured by Kodak solely for use in a non-Kodak camera; the first camera to combine the taking and viewing of photographs in the same instrument; the first metal-bodied roll film camera, and the first interchangeable back for roll-film cameras. Although it was a well designed, ground-breaking camera for its day, the fact of its small size had a lot to do with its difficulty of use. The maximum lens aperture was by necessity small. This small aperture meant that snapshot exposures could only succeed under the clearest and brightest lighting conditions. Although the Kombi was capable of taking instantaneous exposures, time exposures were the recommended mode of operation
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