Alice Paul Raises Glass Celebrating 19th Amendment, 1920

Alice Stokes Paul (January 11, 1885 - July 9, 1977) was an American suffragist, feminist, and women's rights activist. In 1907, after completing her master's degree at the University of Pennsylvania, she moved to England, where she became deeply involved with the British women's suffrage movement. She was arrested 7 times and imprisoned 3 times. It was during her time in prison that Paul learned the tactics of civil disobedience from Emmeline Pankhurst. Chief among these tactics was demanding to be treated as a political prisoner upon arrest. When she returned to the states she became one of the main leaders and strategists of the campaign for the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Along with Lucy Burns and others, Paul initiated events such as the Woman Suffrage Procession and the Silent Sentinels, which were part of the successful campaign that resulted in the amendment's passage in 1920. After 1920, Paul spent a half century as leader of the National Woman's Party, which fought for the Equal Rights Amendment, written by Paul and Crystal Eastman, to secure constitutional equality for women. She won a large degree of success with the inclusion of women as a group protected against discrimination by the Civil Rights Act of 1964. She never married and died at the age of 92 in 1977. Harris and Ewing, September 3, 1920

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Activist Amendment Equal Ewing Stokes Strategist Suffragist

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