Fifth Cholera Pandemic, Vaccinating Soldiers, 1893
Cholera vaccination of the Third Gurkhas in India at the time of the 1893 epidemic. The fifth cholera pandemic (1881-1896) cost 250, 000 lives in Europe and at least 50, 000 in the Americas. Cholera claimed 267, 890 lives in Russia (1892); 120, 000 in Spain; 90, 000 in Japan and over 60, 000 in Persia. In Egypt, cholera claimed more than 58, 000 lives. The 1892 outbreak in Hamburg killed 8, 600 people. Although the city government was generally held responsible for the virulence of the epidemic, it went largely unchanged. This was the last serious European cholera outbreak, as cities improved their sanitation and water systems. Wood engraving, 1893
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Cholera Epidemic Epidemiology Gurkhas Infectious Inoculating Nepalese Pandemic Preventative Vaccination Vaccine
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